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Influence of the Marshall Court

Page history last edited by Mr. Hengsterman 9 years, 4 months ago

 

 

 

 

Who is John Marshall? JOHN MARSHALL was born on September 24, 1755, in Germantown, Virginia. Following service in the Revolutionary War, he attended a course of law lectures conducted by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary and continued the private study of law until his admission to practice in 1780. Marshall was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1782, 1787, and 1795. In 1797, he accepted appointment as one of three envoys sent on a diplomatic mission to France. Although offered appointment to the United States Supreme Court in 1798, Marshall preferred to remain in private practice. Marshall was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1799, and in 1800 was appointed Secretary of State by President John Adams. The following year, President Adams nominated Marshall Chief Justice of the United States, and the Senate confirmed the appointment on January 27, 1801. Notwithstanding his appointment as Chief Justice, Marshall continued to serve as Secretary of State throughout President Adams’ term and, at President Thomas Jefferson’s request, he remained in that office briefly following Jefferson’s inauguration. Marshall served as Chief Justice for 34 years, the longest tenure of any Chief Justice. During his tenure, he helped establish the Supreme Court as the final authority on the meaning of the Constitution. Marshall died on July 6, 1835, at the age of seventy-nine.

 

 

 

Consider the following free response prompt: Describe the ways in which chief Justice John Marshall’s ruling established precedents for national supremacy over states, redefined the roles of the Court and provided a constitutional foundation for the economic growth of the US.

 

 

Major Goals of Marshall, who was appointed by Pres. Adams in 1801

1. Increase the powers of the national government

2. Diminish the powers of the states

3. Perpetuate the Federalist principle of centralization.

4. Property rights of individuals need to be protected from government interference

 

 


The "Dead Clutch" of the Judiciary

Politics and Power (POL) - Debates over the role of the government and its potential as an active agent for change.

 

 

Major Goals of Marshall, who was appointed by Pres. Adams in 1801

1. Increase the powers of the national government

2. Diminish the powers of the states

3. Perpetuate the Federalist principle of centralization.

4. Property rights of individuals need to be protected from government interference

 

CSI Marshall (1801-1834)

 
The Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall (one of Adam's finest Midnight appointments) used the bench to promote a strong central government -
CONTRACTS (Dartmouth vs. Woodward) SUPREMACY (McCulloch vs. Maryland) INTERSTATE commerce (Gibbons vs. Ogden)


 

 

 


 

Jefferson, a Reluctant Warrior
Politics and Power (POL) - Debates over the role of the government and its potential as an active agent for change.

 

 

 

Read More: The First Barbary War

 

War between USA and Tripolitania, 1801-05. Tripolitania corresponded to modern northwestern Libya. The Barbary pirates continued to attack US vessels in the Mediterranean Sea, and disagreements as the level of tribute required from the US. The US Navy had been reduced (thanks to TJ reduction in government spending - oops)

 

A peace treaty is signed, US pays a symbolic ransom of $60,000 and Tripoli frees about 300 US captives

 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3ASoBrFGlc 


 

 

The Next Big Issue – The Louisiana Godsend and The Empire of Liberty (2:59)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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