Electing FDR: The New Deal Campaign of 1932 

With the landmark election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932, decades of Republican ascendancy gave way to a half century of Democratic dominance. It was nothing less than a major political realignment, as the direction of federal policy shifted from conservative to liberal and liberalism itself was redefined in the process.

AP Focus: The Great Depression is a transformative event on many levels. It puts the government in the lives of people and provides security (structural support) to them.  We did not employ a socialist government. We did not abandon capitalism. Some claimed FDR went too far, others claimed he did not go far enough. We worked within the system to address economic failures (a continuation of progressive ideals)

Herbert Hoover : A Republican, President Hoover  began to take actions to increase business profits, believing business prosperity would “trickle down” to the average American by way of employment and increased income.  To accomplish this, he cut taxes and created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.  However, this was too little too late 

What does 25 percent Unemployment look like?  

Video Clip:  http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/mandate

 (start at 25:08  stop at 30:17)

The Election of 1932

First Inaugural Address

A Debt to the Past by Felix Carroll

 Bold Experimentation – FDR and the First 100 Days                      

The existential fear that gripped a world defined by the collapse of capitalism and the rise of competing dictatorship help create a new national state to manage capitalism and assert global power

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First 100 Days : the time period FDR requested from the people to let him make a difference.  It runs from March 9, 1933 until June 16, 1933.  Congress passed more than 15 major pieces of New Deal Legislation They represent a response to the immediate emergency.

Review: The Government's Role in the Economy

New Deal Cartoon Explained

Relief    FDR wanted relief given to persons in need by providing them with money, loans and jobs. 

Measures adopted to restore confidence and provide support … largely successful, some evolved standard banking policy

Emergency banking bill  
Glass Steagall Act to curb speculation 

Civilian Conservation Corps to provide work for unemployed youth 
Works Progress Administration to provide work 

Public Works Administration

Recovery  FDR wanted to provide recovery for business and agriculture by passing laws that would assist them in getting back on their feet

Measures adopted to provide economic recovery; effective in the short term? … but were controversial and led to a discussion of government role … e.g., supreme court ruling on TVA and NRA

Tennessee Valley Authority for regional development and energy generation 

Agricultural Adjustment Act to control production levels 

National industrial Recovery Act to curb over production 

National Recovery Act to establish codes and price quotas 

Reform FDR  wanted to establish reform by passing legislation that would prevent another depression from ever happening again

Measures focused on reforming business practices; milestone measures in creation of the modern welfare state? 

Securities and Exchange Commission to regulate stock market 

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to insure bank deposit

Wagner Act: establishes the National Labor Relations Board; offers protection for labor 

Social Security Act provides pension for workers 
 

Legacy of the New Deal

Top Ten New Deal Programs 

The First Gallop Poll

Depression Era Images - The Photographs of Dorothea Lange 

http://faculty.washington.edu/qtaylor/Courses/101_USH/new_deal.htm

http://www.angelfire.com/alt/michaelbutt/chapter22.htm 

http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/smiley.1920s.final