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Homefront: World War I vs World War II

Page history last edited by Mr. Hengsterman 3 years, 11 months ago

A Call to Arms: Mobilizing America for World War II

The colossal mobilization effort required to fight a war across two oceans and three continents-and to do so it had to build and equip a military

to create, outfit, transport, and supply huge armies, navies, and air forces on so many distant and disparate fronts.

Did the New Deal end the Great Depression?
The 1930's were about paralysis, the 1940's were about movement....

Ballston Spa during World War II

World War I 1917-1919	World War II 1941 to 1945
Financing the War “Work or Fight”	Financing the War in the 1940s- War Bonds
Selective Service Act (1917) 10 Million men registered, 3 million served	Selective Service and Training Act ( September 1940) By the end of the war in 1945, 50 million men between eighteen and forty-five had registered for the draft and 10 million had been inducted in the military.
War Industries Board (WIB) Encourages mass production and efficiency; increased production by 20%	War Production Board (WPB) Converted companies to wartime production; organized collection of scrap metals, iron, tin, paper etc.
Fuel Administration Monitored coal supplies, rationed gasoline and heating oil	Office of Price Administration (OPA Posters) Set up rationing of essential goods for the military
Committee on Public Information (CPI) Progranganda agency that sold the war to the American people - paintings, posters, cartoons, and "four minute men" speeches	Propaganda Hollywood movies, musicals, plays, and magazines (Life, Look, and Time) inform Americans about the war
Women Worked as volunteers. Encouraged the sale of bonds, planted victory gardens. Found in unfamiliar roles (jobs held by men)	Women During World War II, some 350,000 women served in the U.S. Armed Forces, both at home and abroad Between 1940 and 1945, the female percentage of the U.S. workforce increased from 27 percent to nearly 37 percent

African Americans in World War I	African Americans
Native Americans in World War I	Native Americans
	Japanese Americans
	Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) Einsteins Letter Enlisted scientists in the war effort. Develop of radar, sonar, and the Atomic Bomb
World War I Civil Liberties Review Link 1798-1942	World War II Civil Liberties Review Link 1798-1942
*Schenck v. United States (1919)* ISSUE: Was the Espionage Act of 1917 (during World War I) unconstitutional because it violated the First Amendment right to freedom of speech? DECISION: The Court upheld the Espionage Act of 1917, maintaining that freedom of speech & press could be constrained if “the words used…create a clear and present danger…”	*Korematsu v. United States (1944)* ISSUE: The balance between government security and the civil liberties of the individual (during World War II). DECISION: The Court upheld the government’s internment of Japanese citizens because the U.S. was at war, “…feared an invasion…,” and therefore was allowed “…to take proper security measures.”