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The Pilgrims

Page history last edited by Mr. Hengsterman 1 year, 6 months ago

 

NEW ENGLAND PILGRIMS
Radical Separatists

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Who where the Pilgrims?
 The First wave of Separatists  left Britain for Holland for freedom to practice Calvinism.   Secured rights with Virginia Company to settle within its jurisdiction in Virginia.
 

Pilgrims agreed to work for 7 years in return for the support of the joint stock  company which was comprised of non-separatist investors.   Profits would be shared among settlers & investors after 7 years.

 

 

 

On board the Mayflower landed off New England coast with 102  persons.  Fewer than half were Separatists and some  historians suggest Pilgrims "hijacked" the ship and gained consent of   non-separatists by issuing the Mayflower Compact.

 

Image result for john howland

 

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pilgrims-overboard-mayflower/

During a storm in the north Atlantic, indentured servant John Howland was swept off the Mayflower's deck.

Fortunately, he grabbed a line and was hauled back onboard. Howland thrived in the New World and nearly four centuries later, an estimated two million Americans can claim him as an ancestor. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mayflower Compact (not a constitution but a game plan) 1620   

"A promising step toward genuine self government"

 

 

The Pilgrims arrived in America with out a Royal charter. To legitimize Pilgrims’ settlement outside Virginia they created a  secular document recognizing James I as their sovereign.  To ensure an orderly government, 41 men signed an agreement known as the Mayflower Compact (1620) pledging to "combine ourselves together in a civil body politick."  Their decision to make political decisions based upon the will of the people established an important precedent for self-government in the British Colonies.

 

 

 

PILGRIM TOUGH!!! Despite terrible first winter where over ½ the people died, no one left the colony.  

"The Pilgrims first winter of 1620-1621 took a grisly toll. Only 44 of the 102 survived. At one point only 7 were well enough to to lay the dead in their frosty graves.  Yet when the Mayflower sailed back to England in the spring, not a single one of the courageous band of Separatists left. As one of them wrote, 'it is not with us as with other men, whom small things can discourage.'

 

 

 

 

 

William Bradford -- prominent leader; elected Governor 30 times  -- To encourage farming, Bradford distributed land among the settlers

 

Captain Myles Standish – Indian fighter, negotiator, military leader who was hired to accompany the Pilgrims.   Led many expeditions against Indians whom he distrusted

 

 

 

 

The Great Migration(1630 to 1640) James I is succeeded by his Son Charles I in 1625. Charles hated Puritans even more than his father. Accordingly, Puritans began to lose hope of reforming the Anglican Church; in fact, many of them fled for their lives.

 

 Nearly 20,000 Puritans will leave England between 1620 and 1642  escaping religious repression and an economic recession 

 

 

 

 English Civil War (1642-1649) ended the Great Migration. Puritans remained in England to fight the Royalist forces. Led by Oliver Cromwell took control of government between 1642 - 1660.

 

 

 

Explain the factors that contributed to the success of the Plymouth colony

Establishing the first agreement for self-government in America with the Mayflower Compact of 1620. Establishing a solid economic foundation with fur, fish, and lumber. The beaver and the Bible provided sustenance for body and soul. Effective leaders  such as William Bradford

 

 

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